3 (Fall 1987), pp. [103] Young said, "I hope to see an Academy established in Provo at which the children of the Latter-day Saints can receive a good education unmixed with the pernicious atheistic influences that are found in so many of the higher schools of the country. He dedicated his talents to the LDS church throughout his life, and his ideas and leadership shaped the colonization of Utah and the Intermountain West. [87] During his time as governor, Young directed the establishment of settlements throughout present-day Utah, Idaho, Arizona, Nevada, California and parts of southern Colorado and northern Mexico. "[9], Young married Miriam Angeline Works, whom he had met in Port Byron in October 1824. "Two missionaries of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, serving in the Colombia Cali mission were the victims of a robbery and assault. Young's six-year-old daughter Mary Ann died while he was on this mission. [46] Eight of Young's plural marriages in Nauvoo were to Joseph Smith's widows. He founded Salt Lake City and served as the first governor of the Utah Territory. [67], Before departing Nauvoo, Young focused on completing the Nauvoo temple. He encouraged independence and self-sufficiency. [175], Sources have varied on the number of Young's wives, as well as their ages. TAMPA, Fla. Acting as his own lawyer, a double-murder defendant opened his death penalty trial by shouting at jurors that he did not attack his girlfriend and disabled daughter. FactSnippet No. During the defense of Utah, now called the Utah War, Young held the U.S. Army at bay for a winter by taking their cattle and burning supply wagons. [35][27] In August 1837, Young went on another mission to the eastern states. He developed a device for mixing paints, and turned out many chairs, tables, settees, cupboards, and doors. His sisters were: Nancy Young Kent Fanny Young Murray Rhoda Young Green Nabby Young (who died young) Susannah Young Little Louisa. Provo, Utah CNN . Though he himself was hundreds of miles away, the literal hour struck for Brigham Young at Carthage Jail precisely at "5 o'clock, 16 minutes, and 26 seconds" on the afternoon of June 27, 1844. Marisa Tafoya Media. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. As to why he'll suffer another one: it could be from having to see Nate, who he took under his wing, turn into his enemy, or it could be from having his own son come see him, reminding him of his failed marriage. "[14] Brooks writes, "While Brigham Young and other church authorities did not specifically order the massacre, they did preach sermons and set up social conditions that made it possible." [23] In 1870, Young excommunicated some of the participants, including Haight and Lee, from the LDS Church. In his will, Young shared his estate with the sixteen surviving wives who had lived with him; the six surviving non-conjugal wives were not mentioned in the will. During time as prophet and governor, Young encouraged each bishop to establish a grade school for his congregation, which would be supported by volunteer work and tithing payments. What is A person who sells flower is called? [44], During his time in Nauvoo, Joseph Smith introduced the doctrine of plural marriage among church leaders. They were from Arkansas." "John D. Lee Arrested". [146] Young's letter reportedly arrived on September 13, 1857, two days after the massacre. [40][41] Young also served in various leadership and community organization roles among church members in Nauvoo. [174], Young was a polygamist, having at least fifty-six wives. Joseph! Joe . [151] He is buried on the grounds of the Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument in the heart of Salt Lake City. [183][184][185], Brigham Young appears at the end of the bande dessine Le Fil qui chante, the last in the Lucky Luke series by Ren Goscinny. From the time Spencer Cox announced his run for governor, he made it clear he was running with his wife. Open for public research. [72], Repeated conflict in Nauvoo led Young to relocate his group of Latter-day Saints to the Salt Lake Valley, which was then part of Mexico. It was only after the fact, and after the end of the Civil War, that Young slowly realized just how mistaken his hope in a sudden Millennium was: the perpetrators of the MMM were being sought by the Federal courts. [150] On September 2, 1877, Young's funeral was held in the Tabernacle with an estimated 12,000 to 15,000 people in attendance. [149] It is believed that he died of peritonitis from a ruptured appendix. But for multiple young women at Brigham Young University, they claim they received backlash . On Sept. 11, 1857, a group of California-bound pioneers camping in southern Utah were murdered by a Mormon militia and its Indian allies. As part of Young's vision of a pre-millennial "Kingdom of God," Young established colonies along the California and Old Spanish Trails, where Mormon officials governed as leaders of church, state, and military. From another planet, Adam brought Eve, one of his wives, with him to the earth, where they became mortal by eating the fruit of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. Over the course of his nearly 40 years teaching at Brigham Young, Mr. Woodworth has served as an adviser for unofficial student beard clubs on several occasions. The study included a total of 2,097 young patients (<50 years) admitted for a heart attack in two large hospitals. Young's father was a farmer, and when Young was three years old his family moved to upstate New York, settling in Chenango County. Persuaded by The Swede, Phineas believed he was the chosen one to go forward to lead the Mormons, instead of his father. Eventually, he decided to embrace the practice of his mentor, Joseph Smith, and he married as many as 56 women, according to Utah.gov. You must not meddle with them. [24] Lee was executed by firing squad at Mountain Meadows on March 23, 1877. He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. As she goes back in memory to the old home, she revives the scenes and varied events which filled her childhood days .more [81], After three years of leading the church as the President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Young reorganized a new First Presidency and was sustained as the second president of the church on December 27, 1847 at Winter Quarters. [170] His manuscript history from January 5, 1852, which was published in the Deseret News, reads: The negro . Brigham Young (/brm/; June 1, 1801 August 29, 1877)[3] was an American religious leader and politician. There was even a petition created asking for Brigham Young . Doyle's daughter stated: "You know father would be the first to admit that his first Sherlock Holmes novel was full of errors about the Mormons. At Lee's sentencing, as required by Utah Territory statute, he was given the option of being hung, shot, or beheaded, and he chose to be shot. [5] Young received little formal education, but his mother taught him how to read and write. Brigham Young, ca 1850 Brigham Young was born June 1, 1801 in Whittingham, Vermont. [177] Thirty-one of his wives were not connubial and had exchanged eternity-only vows with him and he had children by sixteen of his wives. Church historians. Questions to be propounded to Brigham Young on his examination as a witness in the case of John D. Lee and others, on trial at Beaver City, this 30th day of July, 1875, and the answers of Brigham . [62][63][64] Young began acting as the church's president afterwards, though he did not yet have a full presidency. [167][168][169] There is also evidence to suggest Young believed in the racial superiority of white men. Brigham Young at Home is a valuable addition to the history of the home life of pioneer days. Since Young's death, a number of works have published collections of his discourses and sayings. Brotherton signed an affidavit saying that she had been locked in Smith's office for two days while Young and others tried to convince her to accept polygamy. Young organized the journey that would take the Mormon pioneers to Winter Quarters, Nebraska, in 1846, before continuing on to the Salt Lake Valley. According to the doctrine, Adam was once a mortal man who became resurrected and exalted. The mint was closed in 1861 by Alfred Cumming, gubernatorial successor to Young. Prosecutors in New York City are investigating an incident in which a jazz musician said his 14-year-old son was attacked by a woman who falsely accused him of taking her iPhone. The young woman to become his wife was Sarah Hillhouse Alexander, daughter of Adam Leopold Alex ander, of Washington, Georgia and of Sarah Hillhouse Gilbert, his wife. Young established a gold mint in 1849 and called for the minting of coins using gold dust which had been accumulated from travelers during the Gold Rush. In the early 1850s, he expressed some support for the antislavery "free soil" position in American politics,[164] and in January 1852, he declared in a speech that "no property can or should be recognized as existing in slaves", suggesting opposition to the existence of slavery. [60] The majority in attendance voted that the Quorum of the Twelve was to lead the church. [10] They first resided in a small house adjacent to a pail factory, which was Young's main place of employment at the time. Phineas Young was a printer; building contractor; and Mormon bishop, missionary, and pioneer. [102], On October 16, 1875, Young deeded buildings and land in Provo, Utah to a board of trustees for establishing an institution of learning, ostensibly as part of the University of Deseret. Matthew Easton, a 24-year-old political science major, told an audience of thousands, "I'm not broken." Hamblin said he was told by Young and Smith to keep quiet, but that "as soon as we can get a court of justice, we will ferret this thing out. Haight. [58][59] Several claimants to the role of church president emerged during the succession crisis that ensued. No. "[127] In 1863, Young stated: "Shall I tell you the law of God in regard to the African race? His son, also named Alma, rebelled against everything he was taught. The Center also supported student training for life-long temple and family history service. [16][17], Young first heard about the massacre from John D. Lee, one of the participants. Brigham left Auburn in the spring of 1823 to work in Port Byron, New York, where he repaired furniture and painted canal boats. Brooks has argued the massacre was an overreaction by Mormon militia forces which resulted in the death of settlers and the tarnishing of the Church's reputation. Ronald K. Esplin, a Young biographer and president of the Brigham Young Center Foundation, points to the leader's remarks suggesting he may have had some kind of divine communication on that matter. [177], In 1902, 25 years after his death, The New York Times established that Young's direct descendants numbered more than 1,000. Crews are continuing cleanup of the area where hazardous materials including vinyl chloride, ethyl acrylate and isobutylene may have . We only index and link to content provided on other servers. [48][49][50] Young was one of the first men in Nauvoo to practice polygamy, and he married more women than any other polygamist while in Nauvoo. She has been placed on indefinite suspension for her actions, which include punching another . At the north end of the Beehive House was a family store, at which Young's wives and children had running accounts and could buy what they needed. She, her husband Nate and their now 2-month-old son Luke fled their home in East Palestine the night of the train derailment to her mother's house about 14 to 15 miles away. Brigham Young University. . There he showed a talent for organizing the church's work and maintaining good relationships with Joseph Smith and the other apostles. The LDS Church's Doctrine and Covenants contains one section from Young that has been canonized as scripture, added in 1876. Mary Ann, who was pregnant at the time, had provided for Young's two daughters and the children of her brother Solomon Angell and their friend Lorenzo Booth while Young was away with Zion's Camp. Young's father, two brothers, and sister had already moved to Mendon before he did. John Lyon: the life of a pioneer poet. An estimated 5,000 members were endowed between December 10, 1845 and February 1846. [140], Shortly after the arrival of Young's pioneers, the new Latter-day Saint colonies were incorporated into the United States through the Mexican Cession. In the appendix, Twain describes Young as a theocratic "absolute monarch" defying the will of the U.S. government, and alleges using a dubious source that Young had ordered the Mountain Meadows massacre. Young petitioned the U.S. Congress to create the State of Deseret. [21] Young and Kimball spent the summer following their baptism conducting missionary work in western New York, while Vilate Kimball cared for Young's family. What are the advantages and disadvantages of video capture hardware? The Constitution of Deseret is silent upon this, we meant it should be so. Oct 2019 - Apr 20211 year 7 months. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. On August 29, 1877, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City at. [39], Under Young's direction, the quorum organized the exodus of Latter Day Saints from Missouri to Illinois in 1838. [99] In 1858, following the events of the Utah War, he stepped down to his gubernatorial successor, Alfred Cumming.[100]. Young, Brigham Born June 1, 1801 Whitingham, Vermont Died August 29, 1877 Salt Lake City, Utah Religious leader Mormon leader Brigham Young led his followers on a trek across the American plains to the Great Salt Lake Valley in present-day Utah. This will always be so. Researchers note that not all of the fifty-six marriages were conjugal. [14], By the time Young moved to Mendon in 1828, he had effectively left the Reformed Methodist church and become a Christian seeker, unconvinced that he had found a church possessing the true authority of Jesus Christ. [192], In another Death Valley Days episode in 1969, "Biscuits and Billy, the Kid", Michael Hinn (19131988) of the former Boots and Saddles western series was cast as Young. As governor, Young had promised the federal government he would protect migrants passing through Utah Territory, but over 120 men, women and children were killed in this incident. [177] Young built the Lion House, the Beehive House, the Gardo House, and the White House in downtown Salt Lake City to accommodate his sizable family. According to trial testimony given later by Haslam, when Haight read Young's words, he sobbed like a child and could manage only the words, "Too late, too late. [42] Young proposed marriage to Martha Brotherton, who was seventeen years old at the time and had recently immigrated from Manchester, England. [19] According to Lee, he informed Young that the Mormons were responsible. [25][26] Prior to his execution, Lee claimed that he was a scapegoat for others involved: I have always believed, since that day, that General George A. Smith was then visiting Southern Utah to prepare the people for the work of exterminating Captain Fancher's train of emigrants, and I now believe that he was sent for that purpose by the direct command of Brigham Young. Young's siblings and their spouses were baptized that year or the year afterwards. Brigham Young chosen to lead Mormon Church After Joseph Smith, the founder and prophet of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, or Mormonism, and his brother, Hyrum, were murdered by. The game in question was against Brigham Young University, as part of the Mountain West semifinals. Byron Morrow played Young in a cameo appearance in the Death Valley Days 1966 episode "An Organ for Brother Brigham". [175], Of Young's fifty-six wives, twenty-one had never been married before; seventeen were widows; six were divorced; six had living husbands and the marital status of six others is unknown. [6] At age twelve, he moved with his parents to the township of Genoa, close to Cayuga Lake. Young did not learn of the assassination until early July. [69] Some Mormons counterfeited American and Mexican money, and a grand jury indicted Young and other church leaders in 1845. Was not referring to his death, just the stabbing. If the circumstances of his life had worked out differently [he] might have become a captain of industryan Andrew Carnegie or John D. Rockefeller or a railroad builder. After meeting Joseph Smith, Young joined the Church of Christ in April 9, 1832. 1,204,523 People also liked He cited as his reason for this that he was ready to relieve himself from the burden of "secular affairs. He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. This blog does not store any files on its server. Young also worked to establish the learning institutions which would later become the University of Utah and Brigham Young University. Young acknowledged that the doctrine was challenging for many women, but stated its necessity for creating large families, proclaiming: "But the first wife will say, 'It is hard, for I have lived with my husband twenty years, or thirty, and have raised a family of children for him, and it is a great trial to me for him to have more women;' then I say it is time that you gave him up to other women who will bear children. Harriet Amelia Folsom was Wife No. A polygamist, Young had at least 56 wives and 57 children. According to William Hayden, Young participated in the Bucksville Forensic and Oratorical Society. He credited Young's leadership with helping to settle much of the American West:[161]. [123][124][125], Young is generally considered to have instituted a church ban against conferring the priesthood on men of black African descent, who had generally been treated equally to white men in this respect under Smith's presidency. That is, they may be the new faces of conservatism in the West. He instituted a ban prohibiting conferring the priesthood on men of black African descent, and led the church in the Utah War against the United States. As governor and church president, Young directed both religious and economic matters. BYU, which is owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, forbids sexual activity among members of the student body, much less between a . Young, himself, was subjected to house arrest for several weeks in 1872 and jailed briefly in March 1875. The seed of Canaan cannot hold any office, civil or ecclesiastical. "[70][71] The indictment of Young and other leaders, combined with rumors that troops would prevent the Mormons from leaving led Young to start their exodus in February 1846. "[189], Mark Twain devoted a chapter and much of two appendices to Young in Roughing It. His call was to preach to the "remnants of Joseph," a term people in the Church used to refer to indigenous people. Was brigham young stabbed by a son named Phineas? [7] Young moved to Auburn, New York where he was an apprentice to John C. Jeffries. The 46-year-old was taken to the Royal Sussex County Hospital in Brighton, where he . On September 8, 1857, Captain Stewart Van Vliet, of the US Army Quartermaster Corps, arrived in Salt Lake City. However, Young later testified that he cut Lee off when he started to describe the massacre because he could not bear to hear the details. [190], Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., talking about his fondness of trees, joked in his The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table: "I call all trees mine that I have put my wedding-ring on, and I have as many tree-wives as Brigham Young has human ones."[191]. Brigham Young and William Smith discredited Brotherton's character, and Brotherton herself did not associate with the church afterwards. [152], Young engaged in a vast assortment of commercial ventures by himself and in partnership with others. [75] Two days after their arrival, Young and the Twelve Apostles climbed the peak just north of the city and raised the American flag, calling it the "Ensign of Liberty. John Turner's biography states: "it remains unclear whether Young [] had sanctioned the bogus-making operation. [14], In Blood of the Prophets, Mormon historian William Bagley echoes David White's conclusion that the letter does not absolve Young of any wrongdoing. There are no other trains going south that I know of[.] The family moved to Vermont shortly before Brigham Young was born. With the onset of the Panic of 1819, Jeffries dismissed Young from his apprenticeship and Young moved to Port Byron, which was then called Bucksville. It's been more than three weeks since the Norfolk Southern Railway train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, leaking dangerous chemicals into the air, soil and water. Just four days after arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, Young designated the location for the Salt Lake Temple; he presided over its groundbreaking years later on April 6, 1853. The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings with them. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. Joseph had been a Reformed Methodist preacher and the two made a similar "preaching circuit" in eastern Canada. Chris Evans, Mark Ruffalo and More Avengers Praise Little Boy Who Saved Sister in Dog Attack. A large slab of granite was put up on which he had the following words engraved: "Here 120 men, women and children were massacred in cold blood early in September, 1857. "Territorial Dispatches: the Sentence of Lee", Brigham Young and the Mountain Meadows massacre, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Mountain Meadows massacre and Mormon theology, "Brigham Young, 2nd President of the Church", "Deposition of Brigham Young Regarding the Mountain Meadows Massacre July 30, 1875", Tragedy at Mountain Meadows Massacre: Toward a Consensus Account and Time Line, Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows, "Loose in the stacks, a half-century with the Utah War and its legacy", "The Mountain Meadows Massacre: An Analytical Narrative Based on Participant Confessions", "Visit of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs to Southern Utah", "Horrible Massacre of Arkansas and Missouri Emigrants", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brigham_Young_and_the_Mountain_Meadows_Massacre&oldid=1124726578, Books about presidents of the church (LDS Church), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 30 November 2022, at 05:21. 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