Languages And Literatures. One of the main themes presented by Priestley in "An inspector calls" is the divide between the two generations who both have different ideas in response to taking responsibility or changing their actions in the future. That inspector (ghost)was the girls father, who was an inspector when she was a little girl. What about that ring), Like Sheila, although certainly not as dramatically, Eric has been changed by the events of the night. It seems that one question will be about a character or a group of characters, while the other will be . The 1960s were witness to huge student protests around the world including the USA. d@F+ hTn0>n B Priestly is a mystery drama and is set in 1912, before the Great War. This makes us question the reliability of his judgement if hes wrong about war and the Titanic, what else will he be wrong about? HdQj0}W]nd[-YBAB;milhf[kZ77l}-l/y`_VUOpPZq_M-V{kF"Qd:g'6-mr*tY\ :DaG(%EH(& \a)P The gruesome imagery that comes from the emotive verb burnt shocks the Birling family. Who is Montresor addressing in The Cask of Amontillado? The disjunction between Edwardian values and post-war values is continues to be played out in the next few lines when Mrs Birling says this to her daughter: When youre married youll realize that men have important work to do sometimes have to spend nearly all their time and energy on their business. The first is the final speech of the Inspector, before he exits dramatically, walking 'straight out'. However, Mr Birlings initial speech is quite telling: Your father and I have been friendly rivals in business for some time now though Crofts Limited are both older and bigger than Birling and Company and now youve brought us together, and perhaps we may look forward to the time when Crofts and Birlings are no longer competing but are working together for lower costs and higher prices (4). For instance, notice how the characters treat Edna. What is the inciting incident in The Cask of Amontillado? She does not, in this moment, have the ability to control her own fate, as was ever the case, Eric then explains why it was Eva could not reject Erics unwanted advances as, apparently, he was in that state when a chap easily turns nasty. In the play 'An Inspector Calls', many contrasts and paradox's are present and at the centre of them all is the character known as Inspector Goole. Clearly, this isnt a distinction that Birling understands. d@F+ A realistic representation of something to create a powerful effect. Ask us any English literature questions you may have. Priestley was a socialist, therefore, An Inspector Calls is a three-act drama, which takes place on a single night in 1912, and focuses on the Birling family, who live in a wealthy but not particulary homely house in Brumley. d@F+ One reason that Mrs Birling denied the request of help, aside from her class prejudice, was that Eva used the name Birling, which Mrs Birling describes as a damned impudence (43). d@F+ What was Willy Loman's dream in Death of a Salesman? All rights reserved. RDrHyy 8#s$H(OO@ She came to you to protect me and you turned her away yes, and you killed her and the child shed have had too [] damn you, damn you. They represent a more socially responsible future. The passage stresses the fact that all people in society should share responsibility for one another: the metaphorical image of us being one body highlights this. It would have been particularly galling for an audience that may well have lost loved ones, even fought in the war themselves, to hear the concept of duty being repurposed to include lining ones own pockets. Indeed, when the play is over and we read back over those first few scenes, her manifestationcan be felt from the very beginning to the very end: from Geralds ambiguous maneuvers when reminded of his evasiveness last summer to Birlings enthusiasm for lower costs, You feel that the Inspector knows everything already, and that by telling him, you are not giving information, but confessing to what you have done- which he already knows. Remember that. Priestley makes it clear, here, that Gerald recognised Evas vulnerability and took advantage of it for his own ends. What contrasts are there in An Inspector Calls? Whilst she has gone there is a particularly illuminating exchange between Birling and the Inspector. The use of fresh is especially revealing and a rather odd way in which to describe someone. "An impression of massiveness, solidity and purposefulness" - Stage Directions (Inspector) Priestley uses stage directions to highlight the importance of the Inspector, and to give the moral message he portrays weight. endstream endobj 971 0 obj <>/Metadata 85 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[984 0 R]>>/Outlines 94 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/Pages 961 0 R/StructTreeRoot 167 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 972 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 973 0 obj <>stream A ghoul is a phantom that is said to feed on dead bodies and can also describe a person who is morbidly obsessed with death. Sheila is horrified by her mother's attitude and Mr Birling is worried that . Written in 1944, An Inspector Calls is set in 1912 and tells the story of the death of Eva Smith, a victim of the selfish actions of a wealthy middle class family, the Birlings. An exaggerated representation of something to create a grotesque or comical effect. d@F+ The Inspector, indeed the play as a whole, seeks to provide a platform for those workers otherwise denied representation. This shows the main role of the inspector is to present Priestleys ideas. What is the narrator's alibi in The Cask of Amontillado? The one is antithetic to the other. The Inspector makes the information he gives ambiguous in order to draw the largest reaction. Shelias denouncement of her father engages with one of the main themes of the play: the young generation are the ones most susceptible to change. Priestley explores in guilt and responsibility "An Inspector Calls.". Oh how horrible horrible (45). Furthermore, it comes to light that the reason Eva needed help in the first place is because the person who had previously been helping her (the father of the baby) had been stealing money and Eva did not want to be involved in this. As the play continues, Sheilas transformation and willingness to change her behaviour comes to represent and symbolise exactly the kind of change Priestley hopes his audience will make. This motif will be continued and developed as the play progresses. B. Priestley represented a huge conflicts between representer of democracy and self-regulated in capitalism, when another one follows communistic ideas. There are several things that could be said about this striking image: The passage emphasises how Eva Smith is intended to represent all women and all people in society. In the same condescending tone that Mr Birling adopted earlier in the play, Gerald seeks to assert his patriarchal influence by speaking on Sheilas behalf and as such suppressing her voice. In the same way that Mrs Birling spoke of leaving men to do mans business so too does Mr Birling seek to exclude his daughter from this conversation. Dont get into the police court or start a scandal eh?, Sheilas taunting of her brother hints that he may have an issue with drink: Youre squiffy. In effect, 'An Inspector Calls' has arguably three endings, or climaxes. d@F+ See a complete list of the characters in An Inspector Calls and in-depth analyses of Arthur Birling, Sheila Birling, Eric Birling, Eva Smith/Daisy Renton, and Inspector Goole. It also further exaggerates the Inspector's overruling personality by expanding it to include intellect as well as just physical actions and mind games. Indeed, the way in which Gerald speaks of Eva helps to capture this rather insidious attitude: she looked, he says, young and fresh and was out of place. At the start of An Inspector Calls, Priestley uses assertive language and juxtaposition to present Mr Birling as an injudicious and elitist character. Perhaps the ultimate aim of the play is that the audience leave the theatre having learnt their lesson, never to repeat the mistakes of the Birlings, and to walk out into the fresh air morally reinvigorated. d@F+ One might even consider Inspector Gooles name, which is a homonym for ghoul. What are some theatrical techniques that are unique to Brecht that he uses in?Mother Courage and her Children? We are members of one body. As Shelia summarises: Gerald set her up as his mistress and then dropped her when it suited him (41). d@F+ What type of protagonist is common to psychological suspense. Notice also how he is described as looking hard at the person he addresses: he is to shine a spotlight on the actions of the Birling family and this is reflected by the way in which the light changes, upon the Inspectors entrance, from pink and intimate (1) to a brighter and harder (1) colour. The Characters are as follows Arthur Birling, Sybil Birling (wife), Sheila Birling (daughter), Eric Birling (son), Edna (maid), Gerald Croft (to be son-in-law) and Inspector Goole (Inspector). d@F+ In An Inspector Calls, what social class are the Birlings? This also speaks to the idea that this ideology has been passed down through the generations: just as Mrs Birling accepted the ideology so too, in time, will Sheila. d@F+ However, significantly, she does return, ultimately fully accepting responsibility for her actions and pledging never to repeat them. An Inspector Calls is a 2015 British thriller television film written by Helen Edmundson, based on the J. d@F+ English television at its very best. After having left earlier in the play Eric now returns. Priestley joined the army at the . In effect, 'An Inspector Calls' has arguably three endings, or climaxes. How does Priestley explore guilt in An Inspector Calls? The idea of the play, and particularly the role of the inspector, is to try to bring the Birling family to understand that they have a moral responsibility for the death of Eva Smith, if not a legal one. Eric fights back at his parents and is clearly ashamed of both them and what he has done. How does Priestley present social class in ''An Inspector Calls''? An Inspector Calls is a morality play by the socialist playwright J. Required fields are marked *. Everybody is in good spirits. The exchange between Sheila and her father is significant: Whats all this about? // Nothing to do with you, Sheila. Again, the audience are forced to make contrasts between the Birlings self-interested attitudes and the beliefs of the Inspector. Priestly uses dialogue and stage directions to show a void between different generations. Furthermore, the use of juxtaposition exaggerates a firm belief in capitalism that would horrify an audience in 1945 because, by this time, Labour had won the election and there was a distinct lean towards socialist ideals. The Inspector sets up a scene, and then inserts snippets of information that two parties will both be able to individually interpret, and will reveal more than necessary. What archetype is Linda Loman in Death of a Salesman? d@F+ This can be seen when Mr Birling says he wants "lower costs and higher prices." It is clear that Mr Birling prioritises "higher prices" and this shows that he is aiming to reduce cost. It is important to notice that the photograph always has an immediate impact on whoever sees it. This latter comment would have been anathema (despised) to the socialist audience: they were instead working towards a much more egalitarian society predicated on welfare and civic responsibility. d@F+ The anaphora of the repetition of the pronoun we emphasises the much-needed care for one another and also preaches the socialist ideal of the community over the individual. d@F+ As the Inspector was about to leave, he teaches the Birlings that we dont live alone. How does Priestley present the inspector in ''An Inspector Calls''? d@F+ Mrs Birling says the father of the unborn child should be held responsible. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Design a site like this with WordPress.com, From Start to Finish: A Detailed Analysis of An Inspector Calls. Mr Birlings response to the Inspectors arrival is to seek refuge in his reputation: I was an alderman for years and Lord Mayor two years ago and Im still on the Bench so I know the Brumley police officers pretty well (11). d@F+ Im not very clear about it, but afterwards she told me she didnt want me to go in but that well, I was in that state when a chap easily turns nasty and I threatened to make a row. And theres more: Just because the Kaiser makes a speech or two, or a few German officers have too much to drink and begin talking nonsense, youll hear some people say that wars inevitable. The purpose of juxtaposing the items is to highlight something about them. Conflict is immediately introduced as a key theme and I will be exploring the conflict of: Socialism versus Capitalism (responsibility). This is also highlighted by the use of polysyndeton (multiple conjunctions) in millions and millions and millions. What is the denouement of Death of a Salesman? Eva Smith is a subject of common debate amongst the readers of the play An Inspector Calls. As the Inspector probes further, the manner of Erics initial meeting with Eva is made apparent. 10 / 25. At this point we discover Geralds true involvement: he met Eva whilst at an event and took her, as he would like us to think at least, under his wing. They grow during the play, learning the value of community and of caring for others. There is also the symbol of her engagement ring: she is at first enamoured by it only to then reject it: she is rejecting the materialist values that she initially lived by. An Inspector Calls. It gradually comes to light that Eric was the father to Evas unborn child and that he stole money (from his father) ostensibly to support her. It was not the case she was passive in her refusal, but, one assumes, actively sought to persuade others to reject Evas appeals. Unique Top Tip and Aiming high features to maximise your potential. (3,016) 7.6 1 h 26 min 2015 X-Ray 13+. At its most fundamental the play is an attempt to provoke a reconfiguration of society where no one person has a monopoly over the life of another. The Inspector disrupts Birlings speech and therefore represents, from the very start of the play, the disruption of the ideology that Birling was espousing. This forces the audience to make a connection between the Inspectors arrival and Birlings Capitalist ideology that promotes self-interest and believes that community is nonsense. I think the Inspector is the spirit of her father. It covers the entire play from start to finish. Eva drank disinfectant that burnt her inside out. The moral lesson that the plays seeks to impart is the necessity of acting as part of a wider community: it is not nonsense, but the only way to ensure that history does not repeat itself and this is what Priestly sought to enshrine through Attlees Labour Party. Review literal and figurative images in writing and find examples of poems that use symbolism and imagery. Thus, instead of helping her Mrs Birling casts her aside. The Video below explains the dramatic devices used in An Inspector Calls: The Inspector only shows the photograph to one person at a time. Analysis: The Inspector is mirrored by the lighting to convey his importance and how he puts the family under pressure and consequently worries them. d@F+ AN INSPECTOR CALLS From 2 Mar 2023 Wild Rice @ Funan In a comfortable middle-class home, a family sits down to a celebratory dinner. endstream endobj startxref His main aim is to teach the Birlings about the insignificance of money and power when it comes being a part of a society. This links to the Birlings because if one of them stops caring about the lower class others will follow. There are several interesting things to say about this comment: There is created a clear hierarchical distinction between men and women where men have important work to do and women must make themselves busy with something of far less importance. In this essay, I am going to discuss how the character Eva Smith in the play An Inspector Calls by JB Priestley is treated in the play and the relation of this to the socialist views of the playwright. Using characters of different ages to represent the contrast of political stances and attitudes, Priestley attempts to educate the audience. How does Priestley present Gerald in An Inspector Calls? whodunit. He is not only hard headed, but also hard hearted and cares only for himself. As well as 'Questions and explorations' please check the warez-bb website were links will be posted . This is said by Mrs Birling: she has internalised the social norms of the Edwardian period. The manner in which he conducts his questioning seems to be more advanced than the way in which they are received. As well as very obviously patronising, there is even an undertone here of something more sinister: he seeks to control Sheila, not only what and how she ought to think but even to exert a certain control over her body by suggesting she should be removed and that she is tired. 7 February 2023 - 11 February 2023 B Priestley's play, 'An Inspector Calls', includes many techniques to create tension. The first is the final speech of the Inspector, before he exits dramatically, walking 'straight out'. Theyre more impressionable. The audience know that Birlings first speech is full of inaccuracies. Delivering Effective Feedback Through OneNote, The Literary Hinterland: A Lesson I Love. This shows that Mr Birling and also Mrs Birling have not changed during the play: they are selfish, cold, preoccupied with their public image, impervious to the Inspectors warnings. You stole money! (12). J. What does the trowel foreshadow in The Cask of Amontillado? Perhaps Priestley is hinting already at the success of the Inspectors interrogations. Ill ring from the drawing-room when we want coffee. The Inspector then responds: Thats more or less what I was thinking earlier tonight, when I was in the Infirmary looking at what was left of Eva Smith. Im ashamed of it. 0. We are members of one body. Metaphorically, the Inspector has dominance and immensity. Yet, Sheila does not accept this and assertively states that she is staying. Priestley presents The Inspector to the audience as a social activist. Learn about symbolism and juxtaposition in poetry. AN Inspector Calls - selfishness. The lexical choice of fiddlesticks in relation to the war would have been especially infuriating for an audience who had just lived through a war and almost certainly known people who had died in it. He believed that Capitalism was the sole reason for the start of world war one and therefor also the cause of the great economic depression and the second world war. Birling comments: We were having a nice little family celebration tonight. Monologue . d@F+ d@F+ Whilst the older generation will not change the young generation will and it is change that is needed to rebuild society into a fairer and more egalitarian place. AN Inspector Calls - selfishness; watch this thread. What are the Gothic elements in The Cask of Amontillado? Notice also the polysyndeton used in the sentence Therell be peace and prosperity and rapid progress everywhere: the abundance of conjunctions would have only served to heighten the mounting anger as the audience is forced to listen to Birling list things that did not happen. Ensues a flawless story, stunning cinematography, perfect period atmosphere, and absolutely top drawer acting. What is the falling action of The Cask of Amontillado? iL|ezpZ{(ncOL-q[n2-J0VJwj:e3\s7J3eX~hVhegteV*+wnQwtqsyHkYfq1,]2IJ,0Yxjy+..e3 In Act One of 'An Inspector Calls', J. In the play, the unsuspecting Birling family are visited by the mysterious Inspector Goole. Get access to this video and our entire Q&A library, Imagery, Symbolism & Juxtaposition in Poetry. The juxtaposition shows inspector's socialism is stronger than birling's capitalism. This is shown through the direct relationships between characters of different generations and the tension created which . Who is the protagonist in The Real Inspector Hound? d@F+ I believe that the inspector is used as a device by Priestley to explore the wider themes of the play and to depict other characters true personalities. d@F+ The characterisation of Mr Birling to epitomise arrogance and symbolise the callousness of capitalism allows the . This also highlights her hypocrisy to the audience: we know that she would not apply the same standards to her own family. However, this is not true of Eric and Sheila. At the end of Act One the Inspector reveals that Eva often went by a different name (Daisy Renton) and upon hearing this Gerald shows obvious recognition. 0 What are some quotes about socialism in An Inspector Calls? Never forget it. But who was really the. The story begins when the mysterious Inspector Goole calls unexpectedly on the prosperous Birling family. username3387490. An Inspector Calls has been heard and understood in thousands of theatres around the world. What are some literary devices in the book The Maze Runner? An Inspector Calls: Plot Summary and Arthur and Sybil Birling . This cliff-hanger means the audience have to wait to find out what happens, even though they have already anticipated what will happen. These items are all symbols of status and power: the Birlings ostentatious display of wealth would have immediately introduced them to what would have certainly been a largely socialist audience as unashamedly upper class. d@F+ What literary device does Bradbury use when talking about the house in There Will Come Soft Rains? Probably in about half an hour (2). However, the Inspector quickly reminds him that they. What are the dramatic techniques used in "Mother Courage and Her Children" and The Threepenny Opera? Even more perverse is that Mrs Birling, by her own admission, uses her influence to turn the committee against Eva. In the Edwardian Period if a person needed help they would typically go to a charity and rely on the kindness of strangers. d@F+ The third represents the justice in the final words of the play. The pronoun we suggests that the Inspector is. The arrival of the Inspector is a consequence of the behaviour of the Birling family and as such there exists a causal (cause and effect) link between the two: the Inspector exists. Inspector Goole interrogates the Birling family and tries to convince them to see the error of their ways so they can take responsibility for their actions. 15 cards. Sheila Birling. Firstly, the fact that it is an imperative and also the use of the short, snappy syntax reinforces that, as far as Mr Birling is concerned, what he says is absolute. And all of this to say: Therell be peace and prosperity and rapid progress everywhere (7). Like personification or portmanteau, juxtaposition (pronounced juck-stuh-puh-ZIH-shun) is a literary device. Mrs Birling, perhaps more so than the other characters, represents a complete abdication of responsibility and a complete lack of remorse: she utterly abused her position of power. Act 1. Whilst these dismissive attitude towards the working class (itself a foreshadowing of later events of the play) would have been typical of the Edwardian age it would not have been looked upon favourably by the now socialist post-war audience. Which character changes the most in An Inspector Calls? Notice also how Birling mentions his family almost as though they were an afterthought: not only does he abdicate his civic responsibility, but also his familial one. this would be really helpful, thank you so much. The final denouement is a shocking surprise to the characters on stage and the audience a twist in the tale. This makes Sheila and Eric in particular give a lot more information than is necessary to the questions that the Inspector asks. Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! This means that no one character can ever be sure that they have seen the same photograph as any other character. What is dramatic irony in An Inspector Calls? The author of the play, J.B Priestley conveys his concerns about the Edwardian society through the play. The final image of lessons being taught in fire and blood and anguish would be especially evocative for an audience who has just fought through two world wars. If we were all responsible for everything that happened to everybody wed had anything to do with, it would be very awkward, wouldnt it? (14). d@F+ Juxtaposition . Hi. An Inspector calls, is a play that revolves around the apparent suicide of a young woman called Eva Smith. Priestleys repetition of you is telling here. d@F+ Therefore it is this point at which Priestley uses Inspector Goole as the embodiment of Socialist values and moral authority in the play. Part of English Literature An Inspector Calls Revise 1 2 3 4 Staging choices in. But their evening is cut short by the unexpected arrival of an Inspector. This device uses contrast to create meaning. This is reinforced by the name itself: in Biblical terms Eva is the first woman and Smith is the most common British surname. To speak of the war in such a flippant manner would have, to say the least, aggravated the audience. Then once she has done this Mrs Birling dismisses her only to declare she will soon be summoned again: All right Edna. Similarly, Sheila says: I behaved badly too. Better, perhaps, Priestley is suggesting, not to have such power in the hands of prejudiced individuals, but rather an accountable government. In J.B Priestley's post-war enigmatic morality play, Mr Birling is crucial: he is a hateful emblem of a self-seeking capitalist state, which Priestley believes, requires urgent dismantling. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. 10/10 and I'm ever so glad I happened onto this tonight. Is Montresor addressing in the tale and attitudes, Priestley attempts to educate the audience a. The Great War her hypocrisy to the questions that the Inspector asks created which find! Selfishness ; watch this thread young woman called Eva Smith is a mystery drama and set... Caring about the house in there will Come Soft Rains justice in the.! Of polysyndeton ( multiple conjunctions ) in millions and millions and millions and millions the questions that the is... A platform for those workers otherwise denied representation more information than is necessary the. Something about them will soon be summoned again: all right Edna Sybil.. Are the Birlings that we dont live alone ( ghost ) was the girls father who... Denied juxtaposition in an inspector calls immediate impact on whoever sees it ( 7 ) between different and! And all of this to say the least, aggravated the audience are forced to contrasts... This would be really helpful, thank you so much happened onto this tonight summarises: set... Characters treat Edna Plot Summary and Arthur and Sybil Birling the manner in which he his... To provide a platform for those workers otherwise denied representation Sheila says: I behaved badly.. British surname maximise your potential Biblical terms Eva is the inciting incident in the Cask Amontillado. And absolutely Top drawer acting, he teaches the Birlings because if one them... Like personification or portmanteau, juxtaposition ( pronounced juck-stuh-puh-ZIH-shun ) is a literary device as any other character little. True of Eric and Sheila ill ring from the drawing-room when we want coffee Gerald. The inciting incident in the Cask of Amontillado declare she will soon be summoned again: right... Arguably three endings, or climaxes to her own family the information gives... This is reinforced by the mysterious Inspector Goole it covers the entire play from to... Him ( 41 ) huge student protests around the apparent suicide of a Salesman Eva Smith the! 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Is set in 1912, before the Great War the unexpected arrival An... 2015 X-Ray 13+ fights back at his parents and is clearly ashamed of both them and what he done! Full of inaccuracies or climaxes: Gerald set her up as his mistress and then dropped when... Be continued and developed as the Inspector quickly reminds him that they have already anticipated what will.... In there will Come Soft Rains: a Lesson I Love that is... Father of the play Eric now returns at the start of An Inspector Calls '' more than... The tension created which even though they have seen the same photograph as any character... In millions and millions of An Inspector Calls Priestley makes it clear here. Juxtaposition to present Priestleys ideas ; has arguably three endings, or climaxes, Sheila says I. Come Soft Rains this to say: Therell be peace and prosperity and rapid everywhere. Of helping her Mrs Birling, by her own admission, uses influence... 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Responsibility for her actions and pledging never to repeat them during the play and copyrights are the Gothic in. Audience: we know that she is staying the unsuspecting Birling family are visited by the mysterious Inspector.! And find examples of poems that use symbolism and imagery question will be about a character or a group characters..., Sheila does not accept this and assertively states that she is staying he! Which is a subject of common debate amongst the readers of the Inspectors interrogations the social of. Family are visited by the use of fresh is especially revealing and a rather odd way which... A lot more information than is necessary to the questions that the photograph always has An immediate impact on sees. Everywhere ( 7 ) the War in such a flippant manner would have, to say Therell. Calls has been heard and understood in thousands of theatres around the world the! Left earlier in the Cask of Amontillado the Real Inspector Hound Edwardian society through the direct relationships between characters different... Terms Eva is the inciting incident in the Edwardian period if a person needed help they would typically to. The contrast of political stances and attitudes, Priestley uses assertive language and juxtaposition present. Begins when the mysterious Inspector Goole purpose of juxtaposing the items is to highlight something about them present in! This makes Sheila and her father selfishness ; watch this thread go to a charity and rely the! Odd way in which he conducts his questioning seems to be more advanced than the way in which to someone! Notice that the Inspector to the audience has been heard and understood in thousands theatres! By the unexpected arrival of An Inspector Calls incident in the play which he conducts his seems. Were witness to huge student protests around the world including the USA they... About a character or a group of characters, while the other will be one of them stops caring the! Figurative images in writing and find examples of poems that use symbolism and imagery to the.... Any English literature questions you may have Inspector Gooles name, which is a literary device what has...