(3) In Later Times.As Solomon had the cooperation of Hiram in securing material and craftsmen for the building of the first Temple, so Joshua and Zerubbabel by the favor of Cyrus obtained timber from Lebanon, and masons and carpenters from Sidon and Tyre for the building of the second. The king of Greece being signified by a "shaggy" goat. Gomer is Southern Russia, and Germany. [Eds. The same book notes it as a striking example of the case of a divine and beneficent Providence that "men entrust their lives to a little piece of wood, and passing through the surge on a raft are brought safe to land" (Wisd 14:1-5). Egyptian ships on the Red Sea about the time of the Exodus, from reliefs of the XIXth Dynasty, had one mast and two yards, and carried also one large square sail. Tin was a very important and valuable raw material for the ancient world. Control of this precious metal which the Tartessians combined with copper to produce bronze, allows the Tartessians to live in great comfort. Isaiah 2:16 For all the ships of Tarshish, and for all pleasant imagery. Sheba, and Dedan, and the merchants of Tarshish, with all the young lions thereof, shall say unto thee, Art thou come to take a spoil? [/su_box], Enter your email to receive new articles straight to your Inbox, The Herald of Hope (2) Assyria and Babylonia.The Assyrians and Babylonians were mainly an inland people, but their rivers gave them considerable scope for navigation. In the Gospels:It is the fishing-boats of the Sea of Galilee which exclusively occupy attention in the Gospels. James, showing the power of little things, adduces the ships, large though they be, and driven by fierce winds, turned about by a very small "rudder" (pedalion), as "the impulse of the steersman willeth" (James 3:4). However, Solomon's Temple was destroyed by the Babylonians, making archaeological evidence difficult to uncover. Where is biblical Tarsus located? Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church . We should note that Cassiterite is tin dioxide from which tin is extracted. Semitic Languages: Outline of a Comparative Grammar. Now Caesarea has disappeared; and Joppa has only an open roadstead where vessels lie without shelter, and receive and discharge cargo and passengers by means of boats plying between them and the shore. It is located on the Tarsus River, about 12 miles (20 km) from the Mediterranean Sea coast. Magma from beneath the Earths crust welled up into these cracks and crystallized, leaving behind many different minerals. that is, the inhabitants of a tract of country between the Caspian and Euxine Seas, which nearly corresponded to the modern Georgia. The boats were probably of a size and build similar to the few employed on the Lake today, which are between 20 and 30 ft. in length and 7 ft. in breadth. [6] Recent research into hacksilver hoards has also suggested Sardinia. Proud member Tiras is the seventh and youngest son of Japheth in the Bible. It was a major center of trade and commerce in the ancient world. In Other BooksLITERATUREIn the Old Testament the following words are found:(1) The word most commonly used in Hebrew for "a ship" is 'oniyah (Proverbs 30:19 Jonah 1:3, 4), of which the plural 'oniyoth is found most frequently (Judges 5:17 1 Kings 22:48 f, and many other places).The collective term for "a navy of ships" is 'oni (1 Kings 9:26; 1 Kings 10:22, 'oni Tharshish, "a navy (of ships) of Tarshish"; but Isaiah 33:21, 'oni shayit, a "galley with oars"). I. Isaiah 66:19 "I will set a sign among them, and I will send such as escape of them to the nations, to Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, who draw the bow, to Tubal and Javan, to the islands afar off, who have not heard my fame, neither have seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the nations.. Jeremiah 46:9 Go up, you horses; and rage, you chariots; and let the mighty men go forth: Cush and . Robbers by land on three sides, pirates by sea on the fourth, in a confederacy . Thompson, C.M. As He was by the seashore a great concourse of people from all parts made it desirable that "a small boat" (ploiarion) should be in attendance off the shore to receive Him in case of need, though He does not seem to have required it (Mark 3:9). It was originally known as Ninua, a great trade centre. 27:12). 2 Chronicles 20:36 and he joined himself with him to make ships to go to Tarshish; and they made the ships in Ezion Geber. They are also important cities in the Old and New Testaments. There is no restraint any more. Ezekiel's description (chapter 27, with Davidson's notes) brings together more of the features of the ship of antiquity than any other that has come down to us. Legends grew up around it over time so that its identity has been the subject of scholarly research and commentary for more than two thousand years. There the centurion found a ship of Alexandria sailing for Italy, one of the great corn fleet carrying grain from Egypt for the multitudes of Rome. 1915. nine Archealogicaldiggings have failed to produce anyevidence of it in Spain. In the same book the drunkard, because of his unnatural insensibility to danger, is likened to a man "that lieth down in the midst of the sea, or as he that lieth upon the top of a mast" (23:34); and among the inscrutable things of the world the writer includes "the way of a ship in the midst of the sea" (30:19). Some think there was a Tarshish in the East, on the Indian coast, seeing that " ships of Tarshish" sailed from Ezion-geber, on the Red Sea ( 1 . As a Persian name the word stands in relation with Teresh (2,221; 6:2), and with Tirshatha; all probably from the . In Other Books:In 2 Corinthians 11:25 Paul mentions among sufferings he had endured for Christ's sake that thrice he had suffered shipwreck, and that he had been "a night and a day in the deep," implying that he had been in danger of his life clinging to a spar, or borne upon a hurriedly constructed raft. The location Tharsis in Spain is probably so named by the. There are three schools of thought where Tarshish is concerned. The island of Sardinia was always known as a hub of the metals trade in antiquity, and was also called by the ancient Greeks as Argyrphleps nsos "island of the silver veins". Tarshish was a son of Javan, who settled the area of Southern Greece. For Gog (the antichrist) to lead Magog, Meshech, Tubal, and a broader coalition of what are currently Arab-dominated nations and Persia, against Israel, Persia must submit to Gog. A further clue is given in Ezekiel 38:13where the merchants of Tarshish aresaid to have young lions. Nicol. (2) One of the "seven princes" at the court of Ahasuerus (Esther 1:14 Massoretic Text). (The word may mean a "refinery . The Spanish Empire was a dominant world influence in between the late 15th century until the early 19th century. In the 19th century there were 400 mines in Cornwall employing 18,000 people. The obvious answer is Saudi Arabia, ancient Sheba and Dedan! He went down to Joppa, and found a ship going to Tarshish; so he paid its fare, and went down into it, to go with them to Tarshish from the presence of Yahweh. The city was an ancient Phoenician port and industrial center which, in myth, is known as . Among Neighboring Nations(1) Egypt(2) Assyria and Babylonia(3) Phoenicia3. Thus, Jonah flees to Tarshish from the presence of Yhwh (Jonah i. Thy borders are in the midst of the seas, thy builders have perfected thy beauty. Herein, how far is Tarshish from Joppa? = to carry away silver and gold, to take away livestock and goods, to take great spoil? When Simon reared his monument over the sepulcher of his father and brothers at Modin, he set up seven pyramids with pillars, upon which were carved figures of ships to be "seen of all that sail on the sea" (1 Maccabees 13:29). Herodotus travelled extensively gathering historical information (and myth)from Greece, Asia, Egypt and Persia but he never travelled to the western end of the Mediterranean or beyond the pillars of Herculeshence he was dependent on reports from others who had. However, it seems that one of those metals was not plentiful in Spain and that metal was tin. Lipiski, E. (2002). In addition, Tarshish and the young lions must be connected to Sheba and Dedan (Arabia) in the last days. The first century A.D. Jewish historian, Flavius Josephus, wrote that it was the same city as Tarsus, in modern day Turkey, which is the Apostle Paul's hometown. Ezekiel regards them as the caravans that bore the merchandise of the mistress of the sea (Ezekiel 27:25). Tarshish is currently the name of a village in the Mount Lebanon District of Lebanon. This seemingly rules out Spain as Tarshish and the Latin American countries as the young lions. Ships of Tarshish were no doubt ships actually built for the Tarshish trade (2 Chronicles 20:36 Jonah 1:3), but the expression became a general designation for large sea-going vessels to any quarter. It may be a reminiscence of the sea when Paul in the very earliest of his Epistles (1 Thessalonians 4:16), speaking of the coming of the Lord, says "The Lord himself shall descend from heaven, with a shout" en keleusmati), where the picture is that of the keleustes, giving the time to the rowers on board a ship. It seems as though today, Britain, as Tarshish, is now playing a subservient role behind the young lions of America in important geo . It is in ships of Tarshish that the prophet of the Return sees the exiles borne in crowds to Jerusalem as their natural home (Isaiah 60:9).From Solomon's time onward the kings of Judah retained their hold upon Eloth (1 Kings 22:48 2 Chronicles 20:35-37) till it was seized by the Syrians in the days of Ahaz (2 Kings 16:6). For in the first place the name Eridanus is manifestly not a barbarian word at all, but a Greek name, invented by some poet or other; and secondly, though I have taken vast pains, I have never been able to get an assurance from an eye-witness that there is any sea on the further side of Europe. For it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in. 2nd. What is Tarshish called today? This agrees perfectly with the statement of Ibn Hankal, who no doubt reports the opinion of the Arabian geographers, that Phoenicia maintained a direct intercourse with Britain in later ", Phoenician presence in the western Mediterranean, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, "King Solomon's silver? The land of Meshech is closely associated with that of Tubal, especially in a prophecy of Ezekiel. Which country is Tarshish today? With such uncertainty surroundingTartessus it would be dangerous toassert that Spain was the Tarshishof Scripture which was a maritimepower in the days of Solomon and which was the source of minerals for the great tradingcity of Tyre when Ezekielwrote in the 6th century BC. Jeremiah 10:9 There is silver beaten into plates, which is brought from Tarshish, and gold from Uphaz, the work of the artificer and of the hands of the goldsmith; blue and purple for their clothing; they are all the work of skillful men. "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". At the height of its glory in the 7th and 6th centuries B.C.E., the ancient city of Babylon was the largest and wealthiest in the world. The question as to the locality of Tarshish has given rise to not a little discussion. "Entry for 'TARSHISH'". Tarshish is the name of the Phoenician colony on the river Tartessus, called also Baetis, the modern Guadalquivir. Javan listed as the fourth son of Japheth. Tarshish was said to have exported vast quantities of important metals to Phoenicia and Israel. General Editor. The location of Tarshish has been lost to time and has given rise to much discussion. It was one of the most important, and at times the dominant, city of Phoenicia, whose citizens claimed it had been founded by the great god Melqart. Although huperetes, was "an underrower" and huperesia, "the crew of a ship" as contrasted with kubernetes, "the sailing-master," the derived meaning of "servant" or "officer" has lost in the New Testament all trace of its origin (Matthew 5:25 Luke 1:2 and many passages; compare stellein, and sustellein, where the idea of "furling" or "shifting a sail" is entirely lost: 1 Corinthians 7:29 2 Corinthians 8:20).Figurative:In Hebrews the hope of the gospel is figured as "an anchor. sure and stedfast, and entering into that which is within the veil" (6:19, especially with Ebrard's note in Alford, at the place). If we can identify the source of these metals in the ancient world (6th century BC) then we can be certain about which country is Tarshish in the last days. The Queen of Sheba is the monarch mentioned in the Bible and then in later works who travels to Jerusalem to experience the wisdom of King Solomon (c. 965-931 BCE) of Israel first-hand. [20], The context in Isaiah23:6 and 66:19 seems to indicate that it is an island, and from Israel it could be reached by ship, as attempted by Jonah (Jonah1:3) and performed by Solomon's fleet (2Chronicles9:21). In his day all of Africa west of Egypt was called Libya and south of Egypt was called Ethiopia. 3. Tarshish and the problem of Phoenician colonization in the western Mediterranean. Instead, the lack of evidence for wealth in Israel and Phoenicia during the reigns of Solomon and Hiram, respectively, prompted a few scholars to opine that the archaeological period in Mediterranean prehistory between 1200 and 800BC was a 'Dark Age'.[2]. Tarsus, city, south-central Turkey. The four sons of Javan, namely; Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Rodanim. In Ezekiel 38:10-13 God is speaking through the Prophet Ezekiel to Gog of Magog, a confederacy of nations from the north, who would invade a land of "unwalled villages" (Israel). Of internal navigation, beyond the fishing-boats on the Sea of Galilee which belong exclusively to the New Testament, the ferry boat on the Jordan (2 Samuel 19:18, `abharah) alone receives notice, and even that is not perfectly clear (the Revised Version margin "convoy," but a "ford" is doubtless meant). It prospered from trade with the Phoenicians and Carthaginians but was probably destroyed by the latter about 500 bc. This indicates that Tartessus was in the Atlantic which would best apply to Britain. It deals with the rivalry between the Tartessians and the evil Arkabala, the high priest of the Temple of Hercules in the Phoenician city of Gadir (Cdiz), for control of the tin route to las islas Casitrides (the British Isles.) [20] However, a clear identification of Tarshish is not possible, since a whole array of Mediterranean sites with similar names are connected to the mining of various metals. Ezekiel 27:25 The ships of Tarshish were your caravans for your merchandise: and you were replenished, and made very glorious in the heart of the seas. Speaking of Yahweh's wonders to be performed toward His people after Babylon had been overthrown, the prophet declares: "Thus saith Yahweh, your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel: For your sake I have sent to Babylon, and I will bring down all of them as fugitives, even the Chaldeans, in the ships of their rejoicing" (Isaiah 43:14). Tartessus, an ancient city between two mouths of the Guadalquiver, in the south of Spain. 1. It took three whole years to make the trip, and the merchant ships came, bringing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and monkeys (2 Chronicles 9:21 NKJV). King Solomon's silver? While this is just a comic series it is based on fact as Encyclopedia Wikipedia states: Britain was not unknown to the Classical world. Experts have positioned it as far away as India in the east and the far coast of Spain in the west. The question as to the locality of Tarshish has given rise to not a little discussion. The USA and NATO use bases in Saudi Arabia to monitor the entire Persian Gulf area. In the olden days, it was one of the largest and most affluent cities. You were filled and very glorious in the midst of the seas. There are more than twenty references in the Old Testament to Tarshish (pronounced as: Tar-ish), but where in the world was the land of Tarshish? It was a Phoenician colony, and was the most celebrated emporium in the west to which the Hebrews and Phoenicians traded. One view locates Tarshish to the East, accessible from Solomon's great seaport at Ezion Geber on the Red Sea. Spain colonized South America but Britain colonized the US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and many more places. It was mostly inhabited by Greeks (Josephus, BJ, III, ix, 1). (c) As regards cargo, it is to be noted that "the persons of men," that is, slaves, formed an article of merchandise in which Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, countries to the North, traded with Tyre.3. 483. 5 By these were the isles of the Gentiles divided in their lands; every . Tarshish traded silver, iron, tin, and lead in the Tyrian markets. (Tin came primarily from Cornwall in the British Isles, and was brought back by the Phoenicians; it was combined with copper, abundant in south west Spain, to produce bronze. Mosul is its modern day name. It was in other directions that Israel made acquaintance with the activities of the sea. It could be used by Ezekiel to represent the nations of western Europe that will join Saudi Arabia in denouncing the invasion. He is placed on the Timeline of the Bible after the Flood, around 2300 BC. The basis of the trade is a long standing agreement between the Tartessians and the Celts from the British Isles(Spain -Thenandnow). Javan had four sons of whom Tarshish was the second. The coast line of the land of Israel from Carmel southward had no bays and no estuaries or river-mouths to offer shelter from storm or to be havens of ships. The term tin islands could hardly be applied to Spain which is locatedin mainland Europe but it would fit well with the British Isles. General References:Of general references to shipping and seafaring life there are comparatively few in the Old Testament. Tarshish is also the name of a modern village in the Mount Lebanon District of Lebanon, and Tharsis is a modern village in Southern Spain. It was Simon Maccabeus, however, who built its harbor, and the harbor at Joppa was "the first and only harbor of the Jews" (G. A. Smith, HGHL, 136). Isaiah 23:1 The burden of Tyre. It is said to be buried under the Coto Doana (the combined marshlands and dunes at the mouth of the Guadalquivir that are now protected as a National Park), others claim it is under Seville or Huelva and so on. (Ezekiel 38:13). The ships of Tarshish were carriers of your (Tyre's) merchandise. Sometime in the geological past, great fissures occurred in the granite. [1], The existence of Tarshish in the western Mediterranean, along with any Phoenician presence in the western Mediterranean before c. 800BC, has been questioned by some scholars in modern times, because there is no direct evidence. Was there a joint nautical venture on the Mediterranean Sea by Tyrian Phoenicians and Early Israelites?'. Tarshish can refer to either Tarsis in Cilicia (Southeast Turkey) or to Tarshish (Tartessos to the Greeks) in Southwest Spain. Contrary to translations that have been rendering Assyrian tar-si-si as 'Tarsus' up to the present time, Thompson argues that the Assyrian tablets inscribed in Akkadian indicate tar-si-si (Tarshish) was a large island in the western Mediterranean, and that the poetic construction of Psalm72:10 also shows that it was a large island to the very distant west of Phoenicia. There is consensus that it existed somewhere in the area between Huelva, Cdiz and Seville, but who the inhabitants were we do not know. Itineraria Phoenicia. Beth Togarmah is Asia Minor. Tarshish. Most modern scholars associate Tarshish with a place known as Tarshishah in southern Spain. post 1875. Within it, and specifically in the geographical region that was part of Phoenicia, is a concentration of hoards dated between 1200 and 800BC. . The prophecy of Psalms 48 was fulfilled in 1948. The word comes from the Greek kassiteros meaning tin. Not only is that name connected with the tribe of Benjamin, but it is the ancient name of a city in southern Spain. We understand that Tarshish was west of Israel leading some historians to believe it was located in what is today south-west Spain, especially as the Phoenicians had important colonies in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, rich in minerals with Cadiz as a vital trading port. 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