Kurt Waldheim, a widely esteemed former secretary general of the United Nations, was running for president of Austria in March 1986 when it came to light that he had participated in Nazi . The controversy surrounding Waldheim was particularly problematic for Austria, forcing a tardy reckoning of the nations complicity in Nazi crimes. Still, the Waldheim affair took up a lot of our time. Im happy Im not an intellectual ball of fire, Waldheim told reporters who gathered in his opulently appointed Fifth Avenue apartment in Manhattan when he was first elected to head the U.N. I dont think you can solve the U.N.'s problems that way. Waldheim affair, controversy concerning the military record of former Austrian diplomat and statesman Kurt Waldheim (1918-2007) and his knowledge about war crimes committed by Austria during World War II. "Kurt Waldheim did not, in fact, order, incite or personally commit what is commonly called a war crime," Herzstein wrote. After all, Waldheim was their democratically elected President whom the U.S. had supported for the UN Secretary General and now we were banning him as a war criminal. Jun 14, 2007 at 3:03 pm. From left to right, Italian Cdmr. Then in November 1938, he enrolled in the SA, the paramilitary Nazi organization of storm troopers. Kurt Waldheim, the former U.N. secretary-general and Austrian president, has died at 88. Thu 14 Jun 2007 19.08 EDT. Kurt Waldheim synonyms, Kurt Waldheim pronunciation, Kurt Waldheim translation, English dictionary definition of Kurt Waldheim. Beyond that, though, he continued to deny an active role in widespread executions and abuse and blamed his downfall on a conspiracy by American Jews. [31] In 1980, Waldheim flew to Iran in an attempt to negotiate the release of the American hostages held in Tehran, but Ayatollah Khomeini refused to see him. (Waldheim, second from left, with Italian General Ercole Roncaglia, Col. Hans Herbert Macholz, and SS-GruppenfhrerArtur Phleps at Podgorica airfield, May 1943.). The "Waldheim Affair" is the term conventionally applied to the controversy surrounding the disclosure of the previously unknown past of Kurt Waldheim, former secretary general of the United Nations, which arose during his campaign for the Austrian presidency in 1986.The affair not only focused international attention on Waldheim personally, but also raised broader questions . In 1986 Waldheim ran once again as the Peoples Party candidate for president of Austria. His aides at the United Nations even accused the Israeli mission of spreading rumors that he supported the Nazis. 100 comments. 463. M. Kurt Waldheim a entam son deuxime mandat de cinq ans en tant que . Austrian state media said Waldheim, who was hospitalized last month with a fever-causing infection, died of heart failure in Vienna. There are 296 days left in the year. [1] He was the eldest child of Walter Watzlawik, a schoolmaster of Czech origin,[2] and his wife Josefine Petrasch. Notes. After finishing his studies in law at the University of Vienna Waldheim joined the Austrian diplomatic service in 1945. The Austrian had been a member of the Sturmabteilung, or SA, which provided military protection for the National Socialist German Workers Party, better known as . His service from 1942 to 1945 was the subject of international review in 1985 and 1986. Pope John Paul II welcomed Waldheim to the Vatican in the Austrian leaders first official trip abroad after his election as president, a recognition that provoked anger across the Jewish world and in Washington. He served in Paris (194851) and was head of the personnel department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Vienna from 1951 to 1955. Kurt Waldheim of Austria served as the fourth Secretary-General of the United Nations for ten years, succeeding U Thant in 1972. If we had done a little more digging, both 1946 and 1972 or whenever it was, we might have found out about him. New U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon flew to Vienna and met with Waldheim in February; Bans aides hastened to characterize the visit as private and personal.. Kurt Josef Waldheim was born on December 21 1918 at Tulln, near Vienna. 07 "Join The Howard Stern Club" [1:55, February 9] Tiny Tim interview, his last involvement with the show until New Year's Rotten Eve. "Our family was under constant surveillance," Waldheim wrote. Waldheim entered the diplomatic service in 1945. His father, Walter, the son of an impoverished blacksmith, became the local school superintendent and . [13] According to one post-war investigator, prisoners were routinely shot within only a few hundred metres (yards) of Waldheim's office,[14] and 35 kilometres (22mi) away at the Jasenovac concentration camp. Kurt Waldheim (1918-2007) served as secretary-general of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981, and president of Austria from 1986 to 1992. Sound, Fury, Brilliance & Booze: Faulkner in Post-War Japan, Protecting Greenland: The American Consulate at Godthab, 1940-42, Raymond Hare: Our Man in Cairo during WWII. - Date based on span of years Waldheim served as Secretary General of the United Nations. And so, apparently in the clear, Waldheim entered the Austrian foreign service at wars end. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. *** In 1987 the US Justice Department declared Kurt Waldheim a dangerous agent; forever forbidding his re-entry onto US soil. It was to damage his reputation for . Donald Trump Jr. claims US train network is being sabotaged as revenge for Nord Stream 2 after derailments in Ohio and Michigan . They told us that they didnt know about these peoples past and why should they be saddled with former Romanians or Yugoslavs. See 4 March 1986 WABC-TV news report (New York City) on the worldwide exposure that day of Waldheim's Nazi past, at: See WNBC-TV (New York City) 23 March 1986 news report on the World Jewish Congress's revelation of the U.N. War Crimes Commission inclusion of Waldheim on the UNWCC wanted list at: Zuroff, Efraim (April 2002) "Worldwide Investigation and Prosecution of Nazi War Criminals, 20012002," Simon Wiesenthal Center, Jerusalem. After recovering, he returned to active duty in the spring of 1942 and was seconded to the service of Gen. Alexander Lohr, a fellow Austrian who led a string of brutal campaigns against Yugoslav partisans and dispatched some 40,000 Greek Jews to Auschwitz. It was reported, for example, that he had received a special decoration in 1942 from the Ustasha, Croatias Nazi puppet regime, for valorous conduct in the brutal repression of guerrillas and civilians in Bosnia. Kurt Waldheim a ocup les fonctions de Secrtaire gnral de l'Organisation des Nations Unies de 1972 1981. Consequently, he chose not to run for a second term in 1992. In 1987 the US Justice Department declared Kurt Waldheim a dangerous agent; forever forbidding his re-entry onto US soil. In December, he was wounded but returned to service in 1942. Waldheim was born in Sankt Andr-Wrdern, near Vienna, on 21 December 1918. Kurt Josef Waldheim (German: [kt valtham] (listen); 21 December 1918 14 June 2007) was an Austrian politician and diplomat. Pamphlet. From his youth, Waldheim was distinguished by his unusual height of 1.92m (6ft 4in). (Croatia and Bosnia were part of Yugoslavia at the time.). Many years later when I was a senior member of the Policy Planning Staff, we were asked whether the U.S. should support Waldheim for a second term as Secretary General of the United Nations. BODDE: Kurt Waldheim was President of Austria. It was a period when the world body was increasingly dominated by third world rhetoric and paralyzed by disagreements between the superpowers. I dont think any other major country received him. Kurt Waldheim, a diplomat with a selective memory, died on June 14th, aged 88. And although the scandal around him kicked up new poisonous clouds of anti-Semitism, when he finally left public life, in disgrace, Austria also began a slow process of recognizing its sins. And there was some fear that because of Finlands position, he might be subject to Soviet pressures. Fischer also praised Waldheim for his efforts to solve international crises and for his contributions to world peace. China was determined to unseat him this time and lined up a strong candidate in Salim Ahmed Salim of Tanzania. - Title based on information from slide mount and other caption information provided by the photographer. So even if they were Romanians or Yugoslavs, if they emigrated to the U.S. from Austria they could be deported back to Austria. - Gift; Bernard Gotfryd; 2004; (DLC/PP-2004:032). I didnt deal with him because he was much above my level. Europe and others push for a standard lunar time zone, Dr. Simi is a TikTok star. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Kurt Josef Waldheim (German pronunciation: [kt valdham]; 21 December 1918 - 14 June 2007) was an Austrian diplomat and politician. For if history teaches us anything, it is that the Hitlers and the Mengeles could never have accomplished their atrocious deeds by themselves. A close political ally of Waldheim dismissed the commission as being full of Waldheims enemies -- Jews and Socialists -- and thus not credible. Foreign Affairs magazine, SeptemberOctober, 1995 (Volume 74 No. However, first and foremost, it is a film about the process of the affair. Waldheim won an accidental victory in the third round of voting when those three permanent members failed to coordinate their vetoes and all abstained. [7] Following the annexation, Waldheim's father was briefly arrested by the Gestapo and dismissed from his post, while Waldheim's scholarship was cancelled. We have many differences with him, but that isn't one of them. Posted by 4 days ago. When they emigrated to the United States they hid their Nazi past. [48], On 27 April 1987, the United States Departments of Justice and of State announced that evidence amassed in an investigation conducted by the Justice Department's Office of Special Investigations (OSI) had established a prima facie case that Waldheim participated in Nazi-sponsored persecution during World War II and therefore that his entry into the United States was prohibited by federal statute. Our response to both sides was that this was a legal decision that would be made by the Justice Department based on U.S. law. Corrections? He led Austrias first delegation to the UN (1955) and subsequently represented the country in Canada (195660), first as minister plenipotentiary and then as ambassador. [25] Amidst international protest, "the UN spokesman said [in his daily press conference] it was not the secretary-general's practice to comment on telegrams sent him by heads of government. Hes also a sign of Mexicos healthcare crisis, Bola Tinubu, the declared winner of Nigerias presidential election, appeals for unity, A 5,000-year-old restaurant highlights Iraqs archaeological renaissance, Before and after photos from space show storms effect on California reservoirs, 19 cafes that make L.A. a world-class coffee destination, Chicago Mayor Lightfoot ousted; Vallas, Johnson in runoff, Fiery Greece train collision kills 32, injures at least 85, Column: Supreme Court conservatives may want to block student loan forgiveness. In 1985, he launched his bid for the presidency of Austria, a largely ceremonial post that he nevertheless wanted to take from the hands of the Socialist Party, which had held it 16 years. The same year, he was made an honorary member of K.H.V. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. His father was of Czech origin and was employed as a Roman Catholic inspector of schools. Welfia Klosterneuburg, a Roman Catholic student fraternity part of the Austrian Cartellverband. Secretary-general of the United Nations (1972-81). In March 1938, Adolf Hitler ordered his army into Austria and annexed the country. Even then, he evaded moral responsibility. [57] On 23 June, his funeral was held at St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna, and he was buried at the Presidential Vault in the Zentralfriedhof ("central cemetery"). We soon found that we couldnt get Germany back on its feet without tapping the expertise of people who had been party members. Later investigations showed that Kurt Waldheim, despite claims that he never belonged to any Nazi organization, apparently joined a Nazi student union three weeks after the Anschluss and then ran with the so-called brownshirts, a Nazi paramilitary group. We were treating Austria shabbily and finally the State Department forced the Justice Department to negotiate a new arrangement. [40], Part of the reason for the controversy was Austria's refusal to address its national role in the Holocaust (many leading Nazis, including Adolf Hitler, had been born Austrians, and Austria became part of the Third Reich). Later he was Waldheims campaign manager, and he finally had to resign because he said in an interview that unless they found that Waldheim had personally strangled somebody, they did not have a case. [33]:411 The events of 1981 established a two-term limit on the office, and no Secretary-General since Waldheim has run for a third term. Lauder was very close to the Jewish organizations in the U.S. and Austria but he was concerned about the damage a ban on Waldheim would do to U.S.-Austrian relations. UNITED NATIONS (AP) _ A secret U.N. War Crimes Commission file on Kurt Waldheim is based on Yugoslav accusations that the former U.N. secretary-general was involved in Nazi reprisals against civilians, sources said Friday. A secretary-general who is too much of an activist wont last longer than a year.. Cardinal . Waldheim was the Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981 and president of Austria from 1986 to 1992. However, Salim was vetoed by the United States, while Waldheim was vetoed by China. [12] In 1986, Waldheim said that he had served only as an interpreter and a clerk and had no knowledge either of reprisals against local Serb civilians or of massacres in neighboring provinces of Yugoslavia. He retired in 1992, never again to assume a public role outside Austria. In March 1936, the Schuschnigg government passed a law mandating a period of military service for prospective civil servants. "We lived in daily apprehension.". Then, in March 1986, during the campaign, Waldheim was hit with damning disclosures. [14], Waldheim's name appears on the Wehrmacht's "honour list" of those responsible for the militarily successful operation. His family was with him when he succumbed to cardiovascular failure. Ron Lauder, a political appointee, was Ambassador to Austria at the time. But for most of the world, Waldheim was ruined and discredited. International uproar surged, especially as the World Jewish Congress and American and European media continued to air new revelations about Waldheims past. He had been stationed in Yugoslavia when atrocities were committed. You might remember that we took the high moral road right after the war and declared that anyone who had belonged to the Nazi Party could only work at menial jobs. Allegations concerning Dr. Kurt Waldheim hearing before the Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, [Leather Bound] The United States and United Kingdom initially supported him in the second round of voting. 27. helmikuuta - Yhdistyneiden kansakuntien psihteeri Kurt Waldheim nimitti varatuomari Helvi Sipiln YK:n sosiaaliasioiden apulaispsihteeriksi. In 1986, four years after his tenure as the UN Secretary General, Kurt Waldheim made a bid to lead his native Austria. After losing the presidential election, Waldheim ran for Secretary-General of the United Nations in the 1971 selection. This became the "Waldheim Affair" which was important in exposing the criminal role . Waldheim during a press conference at the, Waldheim's voice recording on the Voyager Golden Record, Report of the International Historical Commission of 8 February 1988, section on "Membership in National Socialist Organizations", as cited, e.g., in, Israeli-Ugandan Relations in the Time of Idi Amin by. He won election to the Austrian presidency in June 1986 for a six-year term. On June 8th, 1986, Kurt Waldheim was elected President of Austria. Israeli ambassador Yehuda Zvi Blum denied the charges, saying, "We don't believe Waldheim ever supported the Nazis and we never said he did. Near the end of his tenure as secretary-general, Waldheim and British popular musician Paul McCartney organized a series of concerts for the People of Kampuchea to help Cambodia recover from the damage done by Pol Pot.[32]. Because of his known anti-Nazi sympathies, Walter Waldheim was twice arrested by the Gestapo and lost his job. That was true. Today's Highlight in History: On March 10, 1985, Konstantin U. Chernenko, who was the Soviet Union's . Knfel, Ulrike and Kraske, Marion (4 April 2008), Wiesenthal, Simon (1999) "The Waldheim Case" in. While he was running for the latter office in the 1986 election, the revelation of his service in Greece and Yugoslavia as an intelligence officer in Nazi Germany's Wehrmacht . Waldheim was supported by 11 votes, including the Soviet Union, and led the first two rounds of voting. The Austrians would be embarrassed, because it would look like the U.S. was sending another Nazi back to Austria. Still, he denied any role in war crimes. Omissions? Waldheim was the Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981 and president of Austria from 1986 to 1992. Did he know that some bad things were going on? As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Kurt Waldheim's rebellious, ne'er do well (((son))) [10], Much historical interest has centred on Waldheim's role in Operation Kozara in 1942. But the disclosures sparked a nationalist backlash in Austria that aided Waldheim's election as president. Howard Stern's first Pay-Per-View (although only on the East Coast) with various guests and, not surprisingly, an audience in their negligees and underpants. But, in fact, at the age of 19 he joined the National Socialist German Students League - a Nazi youth organization - just a month after the Anschluss. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In my view he was the kind of person and there are many of his type in Austria who goes along to get along. So far, the Justice Department was acting completely aboveboard. [23] While in Tehran, it was announced that an attempt on Waldheim's life had been foiled. We wanted the information and we did not want it to fall into the hands of the Soviets. Footage of Austria's then-presidential candidate Kurt Waldheim speaking at a rally, from "The Waldheim Waltz." Credit: Ruth Beckermann filmproduktion The 90-minute film interweaves the video shot by Beckermann with other archival footage, creating a dramatic account of the buildup to the 1986 election - a brief period in history when the eyes . Then Ryan or someone from OSI would leak to The New York Times that they had nabbed another Nazi and deported him to Austria. Waldheim later stated that "he did not know about the murder of civilians there". No, at least not during the Cold War when important strategic interests were at stake. [53] In a letter to the editor published in Foreign Affairs magazine two years after Rosenbaum's book was released, former Finnish ambassador to the U.N. Max Jakobson (one of the candidates whom the USSR had vetoed) wrote, "The Soviets knew everything about Waldheim. "[54], Throughout his term as President (19861992), Waldheim was officially deemed persona non grata by the United States and, officially or informally, by nearly every other nation in the world outside the Arab world. Then we supported him to be Secretary General of the United Nations. Or, as his critics at the time put it, pliant and passive. Podgorica, Yugoslavia. This marked the first time that a head of state had been put on an immigration watchlist. As a gymnasium student in Klosterneuburg, he excelled at languages and was a competent violinist in the school orchestra, also enjoying swimming, boating and tennis. Butthe Pope has his own foreign policy. The fact that Waldheim played a significant role in military units that unquestionably committed war crimes makes him at the very least morally complicit in those crimes.". During his campaign to become President of Austria, the Social Democrat opposition made charges about his activities during the war. They thought he was treated badly by the U.S. As a result of the ban Waldheim had a tainted presidency. For two years beginning in 1968, he was the Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs for the Austrian People's Party, before going back as Permanent Representative to the U.N. in 1970. Daniel Radcliffe as Howard Stern in photos from the set of "Private Parts" remake. Before the presidential elections, investigative journalist Alfred Worm revealed in the Austrian weekly news magazine Profil that Waldheim's recently published autobiography had several omissions about his life between 1938 and 1945. May 22, 1943. He was 88. Waldheim published an autobiography. Waldheim had risen to the pinnacle of international diplomacy and was running for president of Austria when his past caught up with him. Nearly a decade later, he brought himself to accept that lying about his past was wrong. Kurt Waldheim. When I met Kurt Waldheim in Vienna in 1994, the Balkans were doubly at issue, a generation apart. It was odd. Negligee and Underpants Party: Directed by Jim Fitzgerald, Wendy Scatloni, Brad Mays. "[40] He said that he had never fired a shot or even seen a partisan. hide. 21 June 2007. Waldheims father, a Czech by ethnic origin, changed his name from Waclawik to Waldheim. A son, Gerhard, and another daughter, Christa, followed. Kurt Waldheim was born on Dec. 21, 1918, in St. Andr-Wrdern, a village near Vienna. Most often they would take the second choice. After a distinguished diplomatic career, culminating in 10 years as UN Secretary General, Dr Kurt Waldheim found himself embroiled in bitter controversy over his war record more than 40 years after the end of the World War II. report. Waldheim ran for an unprecedented third full term as Secretary-General in the 1981 selection. [56] He died on 14 June 2007, at the age of 88 from heart failure. Despite his humble beginnings, Waldheim was able to pursue university studies in law and diplomacy in Vienna. [51] The report catalogues evidence that, the U.S. government concluded, proved that Waldheim had taken part in, among other actions: the transfer of civilian prisoners to the SS for exploitation as slave labor; the mass deportation of civiliansincluding Jews from Greek islands and the town of Banja Luka, Yugoslaviato concentration and death camps; the utilization of antisemitic propaganda; the mistreatment and execution of Allied prisoners; and reprisal executions of hostages and other civilians. [40] Nevertheless, he admitted that he had known about German reprisals: "Yes, I knew. Waldheim's father, a Czech by ethnic origin, changed his name from Waclawik to Waldheim. I was happy to see him turned him down and he will never get to see the shores of the United States again. Then they would give the person a travel document that was just good until he got to Austria, and put the person on a direct flight to Austria. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Kurt-Waldheim, British Broadcasting Corporation - Kurt Waldheim, United Nations - Biography of Kurt Waldheim, Kurt Waldheim - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. Kurt Valdhajm (nem. Updates? [15] Decades later, during the lobbying for his election as U.N. Secretary General, Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito, who had led the Yugoslav Partisans during the war, awarded Waldheim one of the highest Yugoslav orders, not knowing the details of his prior military service. It was sad, because he said, Bill, youve turned my biggest success in my life to crap. He said, I got this man elected President, and you turned around and ruined him. I didnt apologize, because I didnt think I had to apologize for what we did. Austrian political figure and diplomat. [43] Information about Waldheim's wartime past was also previously published by a pro-German Austrian newspaper, Salzburger Volksblatt, during the 1971 presidential election campaign, including the claim of an SS membership, but the matter was supposedly regarded as unimportant or even advantageous for the candidate at that time. Last week, former UN Secretary-General and Austrian President Kurt Waldheim died at the age of 88. His father, Walter, the son of an impoverished blacksmith, became the local school superintendent and married a daughter of the mayor. The Austrians, of course, were beside themselves. . It was not until Waldheim left the United Nations and then ran for president of Austria in 1986 that his wartime past became widely known. Ruined and discredited de Secrtaire gnral de l & # x27 ; Organisation des Nations Unies 1972... 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