The arm of the Lord is not shortened, and the doom of slavery is certain. After this, he turns his attention to the church. 2. I will not equivocate; I will not excuse;. They have taught that man may, properly, be a slave; that the relation of master and slave is ordained of God; that to send back an escaped bondman to his master is clearly the duty of all the followers of the Lord Jesus Christ; and this horrible blasphemy is palmed off upon the world for Christianity.For my part, I would say, welcome infidelity! You have no right to wear out and waste the hard-earned fame of your fathers to cover your indolence. [16] Additionally, it awarded $10 to a judge who sentenced an individual to return to enslavement, while awarding only $5 if the claim was dismissed. Need I remind you that a similar thing is being done all over this country to-day? Douglass, Frederick, ed. The fact that the church of our country, (with fractional exceptions), does not esteem the Fugitive Slave Law as a declaration of war against religious liberty, implies that that church regards religion simply as a form of worship, an empty ceremony, and not a vital principle, requiring active benevolence, justice, love and good will towards man. But, while the river may not be turned aside, it may dry up, and leave nothing behind but the withered branch, and the unsightly rock, to howl in the abyss-sweeping wind, the sad tale of departed glory. The Sharps, the Clarksons, the Wilberforces, the Buxtons, and Burchells and the Knibbs, were alike famous for their piety, and for their philanthropy. There, the church, true to its mission of ameliorating, elevating, and improving the condition of mankind, came forward promptly, bound up the wounds of the West Indian slave, and restored him to his liberty. Panel on dispossession of African Americans says burying truth keeps Black Americans dispossessed, Legal scholar and historian puts the push to remove Confederate statues in context, Members of the community share memories, plans, hopes for the holiday, Quantum computing simulation reveals possible wormhole-like dynamics. It is fashionable to do so; but there was a time when to pronounce against England, and in favor of the cause of the colonies, tried mens souls. Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? 2. Your fathers were wise men, and if they did not go mad, they became restive under this treatment. For black men there are neither law, justice, humanity, not religion. 2003. This, to you, is what the Passover was to the emancipated people of God. The 'Address' may be had at this office, price ten cents, a single copy, or six dollars per hundred. ARI . What is now known as the "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" speech was delivered on July 5, 1852 as an address to the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society in Rochester, New York. "Meaning of the Fourth of July to a Negro" by Bridget Durham The Fourth of July is a day of celebration for many Americans because on July 4th, 1776, America declared independence from Britain and said that everyone was free under the US government, right? We have to do with the past only as we can make it useful to the present and to the future. Must I argue that a system thus marked with blood, and stained with pollution, is wrong? was delivered in the decade preceding the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865 and achieved the abolition of slavery. You discourse eloquently on the dignity of labor; yet, you sustain a system which, in its very essence, casts a stigma upon labor. He says that, if anything, many churches actually stand behind slavery and support the continued existence of the institution. Standing with God and the crushed and bleeding slave on this occasion, I will, in the name of humanity which is outraged, in the name of liberty which is fettered, in the name of the constitution and the Bible, which are disregarded and trampled upon, dare to call in question and to denounce, with all the emphasis I can command, everything that serves to perpetuate slaverythe great sin and shame of America! by Frederick Douglass 1852 11th Grade Lexile: 1140 Font Size Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) was an African American social reformer, orator, and writer. Space is comparatively annihilated. You are all on fire at the mention of liberty for France or for Ireland; but are as cold as an iceberg at the thought of liberty for the enslaved of America. It esteems sacrifice above mercy; psalm-singing above right doing; solemn meetings above practical righteousness. But its quite another to change the way you see yourself and to grow into a person deeply committed to long-term interracial coalition building. For the present, it is enough to affirm the equal manhood of the Negro race. You shed tears over fallen Hungary, and make the sad story of her wrongs the theme of your poets, statesmen and orators, till your gallant sons are ready to fly to arms to vindicate her cause against her oppressors; but, in regard to the ten thousand wrongs of the American slave, you would enforce the strictest silence, and would hail him as an enemy of the nation who dares to make those wrongs the subject of public discourse! They convert the very name of religion into an engine of tyranny and barbarous cruelty, and serve to confirm more infidels, in this age, than all the infidel writings of Thomas Paine, Voltaire, and Bolingbroke put together have done. Heavy billows, like mountains in the distance, disclose to the leeward huge forms of flinty rocks! He implored the Rochester, N.Y., audience to think about the ongoing oppression of Black Americans during a holiday celebrating . See this drove sold and separated forever; and never forget the deep, sad sobs that arose from that scattered multitude. Sign up for daily emails to get the latest Harvardnews. The anti-slavery movement there was not an anti-church movement, for the reason that the church took its full share in prosecuting that movement: and the anti-slavery movement in this country will cease to be an anti-church movement, when the church of this country shall assume a favorable, instead or a hostile position towards that movement. Knowledge was then confined and enjoyed by the privileged few, and the multitude walked on in mental darkness. See, too, that girl of thirteen, weeping, yes! We hanged our harps upon the willows in the midst thereof. In a Fourth of July holiday special, we hear the words of Frederick Douglass. They strip the love of God of its beauty, and leave the throng of religion a huge, horrible, repulsive form. A major theme of the speech is how America is not living up to its proclaimed beliefs. From Boston to London is now a holiday excursion. The sin of which it is guilty is one of omission as well as of commission. Your broad republican domain is hunting ground for men. or is it in the temple? As the project scholar, my role is to advise the process as it rolls out, to give a talk that provides contemporary and historical context and to facilitate the community discussion around the speech against the backdrop of other relevant issues. Is it at the gateway? when ye make many prayers, I will not hear. Great streams are not easily turned from channels, worn deep in the course of ages. welcome atheism! What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? . Ethiopia shall stretch out her hand unto God. In the fervent aspirations of William Lloyd Garrison, I say, and let every heart join in saying it: Frederick Douglass delivered his famous speech at the Corinthian Hall in Rochester, NY, on July 5th, 1852. And instead of being the honest men I have before declared them to be, they were the veriest imposters that ever practiced on mankind. It is carried on in all the large towns and cities in one-half of this confederacy; and millions are pocketed every year, by dealers in this horrid traffic. Your lawmakers have commanded all good citizens to engage in this hellish sport. In that instrument I hold there is neither warrant, license, nor sanction of the hateful thing; but, interpreted as it ought to be interpreted, the Constitution is a GLORIOUS LIBERTY DOCUMENT. (3) $3.99. The fate of many a slave has depended upon the turn of a single card; and many a child has been snatched from the arms of its mother by bargains arranged in a state of brutal drunkenness.The flesh-mongers gather up their victims by dozens, and drive them, chained, to the general depot at Baltimore. [7], The Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society was founded in 1851. Is it to be settled by the rules of logic and argumentation, as a matter beset with great difficulty, involving a doubtful application of the principle of justice, hard to be understood? It is neither. In "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" Frederick Douglass sought not only to convince people of the wrongfulness of slavery but also to make abolition more acceptable to Northern whites. whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are, to-day, rendered more intolerable by the jubilee shouts that reach them. Their opposition to the then dangerous thought was earnest and powerful; but, amid all their terror and affrighted vociferations against it, the alarming and revolutionary idea moved on, and the country with it. These wretched people are to be sold singly, or in lots, to suit purchasers. With brave men there is always a remedy for oppression. Douglass believed that slavery could be eliminated with the support of the church, and also with the reexamination of what the Bible was actually saying. Born into slavery around 1818, Douglass became a key leader of the abolitionist. Assignment in book chapter School Alief Early College High School Course English language and literature (ELL2002) Uploaded by God Academic year2021/2022 Helpful? Yea! we wept when we remembered Zion. In speaking of the American church, however, let it be distinctly understood that I mean the great mass of the religious organizations of our land. Some of these have had wives and children, dependent on them for bread; but of this, no account was made. Not everyone. I, therefore, leave off where I began, with hope. one of the most important speeches of the 19th century? More than 150 years later, Keidrick Roy, a doctoral student in American Studies at the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and a U.S. Air Force veteran, will host a virtual community reading and discussion of the storied speech at the Somerville Museum on Thursday as part of the annual state-wide MassHumanities program Reading Frederick Douglass Together.. What to the American slave is your Fourth of July? May of Syracuse, and my esteemed friend (Rev. Frederick Douglass delivered his famous speech "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" in 1852, drawing parallels between the Revolutionary War and the fight to abolish slavery. There, the question of emancipation was a high religious question. Oh! That which is inhuman, cannot be divine! Thoughts expressed on one side of the Atlantic are, distinctly heard on the other. Mark the sad procession, as it moves wearily along, and the inhuman wretch who drives them. Who can reason on such a proposition? What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? Nevertheless, Douglass claims that this can change. Heat and sorrow have nearly consumed their strength; suddenly you hear a quick snap, like the discharge of a rifle; the fetters clank, and the chain rattles simultaneously; your ears are saluted with a scream, that seems to have torn its way to the center of your soul! The feeling of the nation must be quickened; the conscience of the nation must be roused; the propriety of the nation must be startled; the hypocrisy of the nation must be exposed; and its crimes against God and man must be proclaimed and denounced.What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? On July 5, 1852, in . Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? Douglass denounces the churches for betraying their own biblical and Christian values. The drove moves tardily. These gentlemen have, as I think, fully and clearly vindicated the Constitution from any design to support slavery for an hour.Fellow-citizens! We need individual events like reading Douglass, but we also need to be thinking about ways to extend this conversation over the long term. What would be thought of an instrument, drawn up, legally drawn up, for the purpose of entitling the city of Rochester to a track of land, in which no mention of land was made? Frederick Douglass, circa 1879. I have better employments for my time and strength than such arguments would imply.What, then, remains to be argued? The speech has since been published under the above title in The Frederick Douglass Papers, Series One, Vol. My soul sickens at the sight. His agents were sent into every town and county in Maryland, announcing their arrival, through the papers, and on flaming hand-bills, headed CASH FOR NEGROES. The inaugural meeting between six women took place in Corinthian Hall on August 20. It has made itself the bulwark of American slavery, and the shield of American slave-hunters. To the slave, Douglass tells the audience, "your 4th of July is a sham; your boasted liberty, an unholy license [for enslaving blacks] . Over 150,000 persons were sold between 1820 and 1830, and over 300,000 were sold between 1850 and 1860.[15]. This is the inevitable conclusion, and from it there is no escape. The country can progress like it has before, transforming from being a colony of a far-away king to an independent nation. The speech "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" was delivered in the decade preceding the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865 and achieved the abolition of slavery. I answer: a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. They perambulate the country, and crowd the highways of the nation, with droves of human stock. In an 1868 speech, he said, No man should be excluded from the government on the basis of his color, no woman on account of her sex. You may rejoice, I must mourn. He argues that though the international slave trade is correctly decried as abhorrent, the people of the United States are far less vocal in their opposition to domestic slave trade. As the sheet anchor takes a firmer hold, when the ship is tossed by the storm, so did the cause of your fathers grow stronger, as it breasted the chilling blasts of kingly displeasure. Long established customs of hurtful character could formerly fence themselves in, and do their evil work with social impunity. who stand as the very lights of the church, have shamelessly given the sanction of religion and the Bible to the whole slave system. Douglass declares that true freedom can not exist in America if Black people are still enslaved there and is adamant that the end of slavery is near. GAZETTE: This is your second year as host of Reading Frederick Douglass Together in Somerville. Is it not astonishing that, while we are ploughing, planting and reaping, using all kinds of mechanical tools, erecting houses, constructing bridges, building ships, working in metals of brass, iron, copper, silver and gold; that, while we are reading, writing and cyphering, acting as clerks, merchants and secretaries, having among us lawyers, doctors, ministers, poets, authors, editors, orators and teachers; that, while we are engaged in all manner of enterprises common to other men, digging gold in California, capturing the whale in the Pacific, feeding sheep and cattle on the hill-side, living, moving, acting, thinking, planning, living in families as husbands, wives and children, and, above all, confessing and worshipping the Christians God, and looking hopefully for life and immortality beyond the grave, we are called upon to prove that we are men!Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? The audience must fulfill what the founders of the country advocated. To arrest it, to put an end to it, this nation keeps a squadron, at immense cost, on the coast of Africa. The cause of liberty may be stabbed by the men who glory in the deeds of your fathers. Americans! I will not enlarge further on your national inconsistencies. He is outraged by the lack of responsibility and indifference towards slavery that many sects have taken around the nation. The duty to extirpate and destroy it, is admitted even by our DOCTORS OF DIVINITY. No nation can now shut itself up from the surrounding world, and trot round in the same old path of its fathers without interference. An American judge gets ten dollars for every victim he con signs to slavery, and five, when he fails to do so. I do not hesitate to declare, with all my soul, that the character and conduct of this nation never looked blacker to me than on this 4th of July! I answer: a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. The speech notes the contradiction of the national ethos of United States and the way enslaved persons are treated. Is it that slavery is not divine; that God did not establish it; that our doctors of divinity are mistaken? What is this but the acknowledgement that the slave is a moral, intellectual and responsible being? The charter of our liberties, which every citizen has a personal interest in understanding thoroughly. [8] Frederick Douglass had moved to Rochester in 1847 in order to publish his newspaper The North Star. There is not time now to argue the constitutional question at length nor have I the ability to discuss it as it ought to be discussed. In order to put an end to it, some of these last have consented that their colored brethren (nominally free) should leave this country, and establish themselves on the western coast of Africa! [19]. I scout the idea that the question of the constitutionality or unconstitutionality of slavery is not a question for the people. How can we sing the Lords song in a strange land? Douglass then pivots to the present, stating that "We have to do with the past only as we can make it useful to the present and to the future". The Celestial Empire, the mystery of ages, is being solved. The well-known speech was previously known as The Meaning of July the Fourth for the Negro. Later, the speech was re-titled based on Douglasss question, What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July?. One of the biggest challenges we face in our present moment is building sustainable movements that fundamentally change peoples minds about race and racism. Frederick Douglass delivered his famous speech at the Corinthian Hall in Rochester, NY, on July. In this respect, Douglass's views converged with that of Abraham Lincoln's[25] in that those politicians who were saying that the Constitution was a justification for their beliefs in regard to slavery were doing so dishonestly. Where these go, may also go the merciless slave-hunter. They may also rise in wrath and fury, and bear away, on their angry waves, the accumulated wealth of years of toil and hardship. In spite of his praise of the Founding Fathers, he maintains that slaves owe nothing to and have no positive feelings towards the founding of the United States. He refers to the Constitution as a "Glorious Liberty Document". You will see one of these human flesh-jobbers, armed with pistol, whip and bowie-knife, driving a company of a hundred men, women, and children, from the Potomac to the slave market at New Orleans. How digital misinformation may keep you from a good nights sleep, Study finds surgical patients with addiction issues may be at greater risk for complications, including sudden cardiac death after anesthesia, Khalil Gibran Muhammad says College Board needs to stand firm behind curriculum, Chief counsel of respected mid-70s Senate inquiry into improper federal investigations says credibility of oversight function at stake, 2023 The President and Fellows of Harvard College, Photo courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration, By Manisha Aggarwal-Schifellite Harvard Staff Writer, Frederick Douglass delivered his famous speech What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? in 1852, drawing parallels between the Revolutionary War and the fight to abolish slavery. But now is the time, the important time. So its important that our city and our society are outraged by the recent murders of unarmed black people. Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? They hate all changes, but silver, gold and copper change! In a case like that, the dumb might eloquently speak, and the lame man leap as an hart.But, such is not the state of the case. Africa must rise and put on her yet unwoven garment. This act forced citizens to report people who had escaped their enslavement and escaped to a free state, under punishment of a fine or imprisonment. Ossie DavisA Voice Ringing O'er the Gale! [4], Noted for its biting irony and bitter rhetoric, and acute textual analysis of the U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and the Christian Bible, the speech is among the most widely known of all of Douglass's writings. When you can point to any such laws, in reference to the beasts of the field, then I may consent to argue the manhood of the slave. Douglass details the hardships past Americans once endured when they were members of British colonies and validates their feelings of ill treatment. "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Rhetorical Analysis Of Harvey Fourth Of July. O! Douglass referred not only to the captivity of enslaved people, but to the merciless exploitation and the cruelty and torture that slaves were subjected to in the United States. "[1][2] was a speech delivered by Frederick Douglass on July 5, 1852, at Corinthian Hall in Rochester, New York, at a meeting organized by the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society. I am also hosting a summer reading and discussion series called Race, Fragility, and Anti-Racism through the Somerville Museum and the City on a Hill network of local churches. It is the antagonistic force in your government, the only thing that seriously disturbs and endangers your Union. I shall see, this day, and its popular characteristics, from the slaves point of view. This truth is not a doubtful one. we wept when we remembered Zion. At some future period I will gladly avail myself of an opportunity to give this subject a full and fair discussion.Allow me to say, in conclusion, notwithstanding the dark picture I have this day presented of the state of the nation, I do not despair of this country. The crack you heard, was the sound of the slave-whip; the scream you heard, was from the woman you saw with the babe. It fetters your progress; it is the enemy of improvement, the deadly foe of education; it fosters pride; it breeds insolence; it promotes vice; it shelters crime; it is a curse to the earth that supports it; and yet, you cling to it, as if it were the sheet anchor of all your hopes. He had delivered a series of seven lectures about slavery there in the winter of 185051. [26] After the Civil War, Douglass said that "we" had achieved a great thing by gaining American independence during the American Revolutionary War, though he said it was not as great as what was achieved by the Civil War. 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